TIPS IN POULTRY MANAGEMENT

   INTRODUCTION

It has been clinically proven that man requires a balance diet in other to survive. One of the essential requirements for this balance diet is meat. Apart from red meat – beef etc. the other class of meat is birds. Within this family of birds we have brokers, layers, ducks, quails, and turkeys. These not only provide meat but egg as well. It is as a result of their nutritional and economic importance that many farmers go into their production. Experience has also taught that they are very easy and cheap to maintain hence small scale farmers can also keep them.

FEATURES IN POULTRY

1.     Brooding:

Brooding has to do with creating enabling environment for young birds. Naturally one of the general characteristics of birds is the ability to take care of their young ones for a considerable length of time during which they provide warmth and food for the upkeep of their young ones. In brooding the young birds which are often times in poultry environment, hatched artificial are provided with the same environment which otherwise, they would have enjoyed, had that mothers hatched them.

2.    Warmth:                                                                                                                                   

The most vital thing for birds during their earnest period of their life is warmth. These account for the reasons why birds cover their young ones with wings. During brooding, care is taken to artificially, provide the needed warmth. This provision will help them until they are used to the outside climate. Without going into the use of thermometer to gauge the room temperature and heat regulation; common sense observation can be used. The illustration below can be used as aid.

                             A                                             B                               C

 The biggest circle represent the brooding house while the medium circle at the center represent source of heat and the small circle represent the birds.                              

A.   The heat is not enough hence the birds cluster around the source of heat.

B.   The heat is too much and the birds are repelled from the source of heat.

C.   The heat source is ok and the birds are comfortable. you can see that they spread evenly within the brooding enclosure.

3.     FEEDING

At the very early stage of the birds life, care is taken in the types of feed they are given. There is different composition of feeds for different kinds of birds. The feed features include the high protein content and well-grounded of the materials with which they are made.

The next things are the feeders and a drinker in which the food is given to birds during brooding is relatively small. The reason is not farfetched. This is to enable the little birds eat from these feeders without difficulties. The same thing applies to drinkers. As the birds continue to mature, the feeds as well proper formulation of each bird’s feed will be treated in the appropriate section.

4.     HYGIENE

Like humans beings, birds are susceptible to many diseases and parasites. Some of these can be prevented while other are facts of life. Unless these diseases are identified and prevented or controlled, they can cause huge losses of birds.

PREVENTIVE MEASURES:

A.    SANITATION

The pen is a place where birds spend most of their life span and the place should be keep clean and free of disease and parasites. Before introduction of new birds to the farm some precaution mostly be carry out. The precautions are as follows:

1.     Remove all the equipment in the house and take it outside. Clean, wash and dry them using disinfectant and expose them to plenty of sunshine.

2.     Clean out the deep litter material and manure in the house.

3.     Clean, wash and disinfect the floor, wall and ceilings of the birds’ house. Leave it empty for two weeks to break any disease cycle.

4.     Spray disinfectant around the outside of the house.

5.     Use new and dry deep litter material not treated with chemicals for the new birds.

6.     Avoid the use of disinfectant on the floor of the house and on the feeders and drinkers when the birds are using them. 

B.    MANAGEMENT PRACTICES

1.     Maintain clean environment

2.     Use good water free of germs

3.     Do not serve food stored for a very long periods for the birds

4.     Ensure fresh air circulation prevent overcrowding in the pen by applying appropriate space guidelines.

 Chris Farm Nigeria develops well self-explanatory, irresistible feasibility studies or business plan for your Business start ups, Business Growth or Expansions through either personal funds, Grants, or loans, which could be new or existing ones. We delight in writing for people under Academic sectors, production sectors, manufacturing sectors, processing or packing sectors, advertising sectors, marketing sectors and other related sectors on mini, middle and large scale businesses.

For your Agribusiness, either production, processing, marketing of any Agro-industry, our feasibility studies or business plan are explicit.

Generally, our feasibility study and business plans are developed so well that it becomes irresistible when you show them to your investors or sponsors. It gives you a clear picture of what you are expected to see when you put the feasibility study or business plans into use. It also shows how much it will cost you to own your desired business, what your money can afford. The kinds of product you will need to minimize input in other to maximize output, and how much returns you will get at the end of each accounting year until your business break-even on its initial investment capital. This will give the intending business person or investor or farmer, a vivid idea on the possible benefit he or she stands to gain, when he or she starts doing the business. With that, the intending business person or investor or farmer will not need a soothsayer to make decision for him or her.

OUR TABLE OF CONTENT INCLUDE;

SECTION 1(Business plan section)

• SECTION I – EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
• NAME OF BUSINESS / COMPANY
• OFFICE & SITE LOCATION
• MOTIVATION
• MISSION STATEMENT
• SOCIAL/ECONOMIC VALUE
• PROJECT STATUS & START UP
• WHY PREPARE THIS BUSINESS PLAN?
• SECURITIES FOR THE PROPOSED LOAN
• REPAYMENT
• SECTION II – STUDY AREA
• STUDY AREA
• COMPANY OVERVIEW
• MANAGEMENT TEAM
• DEPARTMENTS IN THE COMPANY
• EXPERIENCE
• MANAGEMENT TEAM GAPS
• SECTION III – INDUSTRY ANALYSIS
• DEFINING YOUR INDUSTRY
• YOUR INDUSTRY SIZE GROWTH RATE AND SALES PROJECTIONS
• INDUSTRY STRUCTURE
• MARKET OVERVIEW
• MARKET SEGMENTATION
• RELEVANT MARKET SIZE
• KEY SUCCESS FACTORS
• LONG TERM PROSPECTIVE
• MARKET CHARACTERISTICS
• SAMPLING TECHNIQUE
• SECTION IV – CUSTOMER ANALYSIS
• TARGET CUSTOMERS
• CUSTOMER NEEDS
• MARKET NEEDS / SOCIAL PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS
• BUYERS BEHAVIOUR
• MARKET SHARE
• SALES FORECASTING
• SECTION V – COMPETITIVE ANALYSIS
• DIRECT COMPETITORS
• COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGES
• SECTION VI – MARKETING PLAN
• PRODUCTS & SERVICES
• FINISHED PRODUCTS
• PRODUCT QUALITY AND PRODUCTION QUANTITY
• PRODUCTION CAPACITY
• PRICING
• PROMOTIONS PLAN
• DISTRIBUTION PLAN
• SECTION VII – OPERATIONS PLAN
• GENERAL APPROACH TO PRODUCTION
• TECHNICAL ANALYSIS / PRODUCTION PROCESS
• EQUIPMENT
• PACKAGING REQUIREMENTS
• SECTION VIII – FINANCIAL PLAN
• REVENUE MODEL
• FINANCIAL ANALYSIS
• FINANCIAL ASSUMPTIONS
• FINANCE CHARGES
• FINANCIAL PROJECTIONS
• FUNDING REQUIREMENTS/USE OF FUNDS
• CRITICAL ASSUMPTIONS

SECTION 2(Feasibility study section)

• FINANCIAL MODELS
• SUMMARY OF PROJECT COST
• BUDGET OF FIXED ASSETS / CAPITAL EXPENSES / INVESTMENTS
• DEPRECIATION
• UTILITIES
• OPERATING EXPENSES (OPEX)
• TOTAL REQUIRED INVESTMENT OUTLAY (REQUIRED START-UP CAPITAL)
• FINANCING PLAN
• INSTALLED / AVAILABLE EQUIPMENT
• BREAK-EVEN ANALYSIS
• LOAN REPAYMENT SCHEDULE AND INTEREST PAID
• FORECAST OF PROFIT AND LOSS
• CASH FLOW
• BALANCE SHEET
• GENERAL ASSUMPTIONS (BREAK EVEN ANALYSIS)
• BUSINESS RATIOS - PROFITABILITY ANALYSIS
• CONCLUSION
• SECTION 3 – APPENDIX

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·         NOTE; According to our policy, we are not “allowed / permitted” to disclose peoples business or written feasibility study, “to anyone”, irrespective of their personality.

·        BUT, WE are permitted to display only executive summary.

·         This is just a sample of our executive summary on poultry feasibility study and business plan, carried out in Rivers State. 

·         1^st sample;

These Feasibility study on poultry farming business (specializing on layers and boilers production), was conducted using projections, impressive publications, compounding interest/values, tables, graph, bar chart, pie chart, profits analysis and cash flow positions in other to give a clear picture of what is obtainable in that location, using eight plots of land, at Esemdiary village, Off Effurun Sapele Road, Okpe LGA of Delta state, Nigeria as a case study. 

Esemdiary village is a community in Okpe Local Government Area of Delta State with coordinates 05°26’N 5°57’E, which also plays the host community to the Warri Airport, which is actually located at Osubi. 

Okpe Local Government is a territory that used to be part of the original Okpe Kingdom, its headquarters is at Orerokpe, with a population of 128,398 people whose primary occupations include commercial farming, fishing, hunting, trading and gas exploration. 

After carrying out the feasibility study on Esemdiary village, Off Effurun-Sapele Road, Okpe LGA of Delta state, Nigeria, it was discovered that, farming generally will do well both on crop and animal production.

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